Daim Ntawv Thov Zoo ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Cov khoom siv roj ntsha hluav taws xob yog qhov hloov tshiab hauv kev txhim kho ntawm lithium roj teeb electrolytes yav tom ntej, vim tias cov khoom siv roj ntsha electrolyte tau tsim rau niaj hnub no. Los ntawm cov tswv yim kev xav, cov khoom hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua oxide electrolytes, sulfide electrolytes, organic polymer electrolytes, thiab LiPON electrolytes. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias nws yog tus laus, tab sis nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntsib ib qho kev txhaws me ntsis. Kev yug ntawm lub tshuab tshiab tam sim no yog xav tau nrawm dua, tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog tshiab. Cov roj teeb khoom hauv lub xeev pom tau los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov txuas ntxiv rau cov roj teeb hluav taws xob tshiab. Vim tias cov roj teeb hluav taws xob zoo tag nrho tsis yog tsuas yog muaj cov txuj ci siv thev naus laus zis ntau, ntau lub teb chaws thiab txawv teb chaws cov roj teeb lithium-ion kuj tseem suav tias cov khoom siv roj teeb zoo tag nrho lub xeev yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv.

Hauv kev txhim kho thaum ntxov ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb hluav taws xob, vim yog qhov qis ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob, qhov kev tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho yog feem ntau ntawm kev txhim kho cov kev coj ua ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob. Yog li no, sulfide cov khoom hluav taws xob thiab cov tshuaj oxide cov khoom hluav taws xob nrog lub siab ionic conductivity tau nyiam ntau cov xim.

All-solid-state lithium-ion roj teeb siv cov khoom siv roj ntsha zoo hloov cov kua roj hluav taws xob zoo, uas tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov roj teeb thiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau lub zog siv hluav taws xob rau hluav taws xob tsheb thiab lub zog loj ntim. Qhov tseem ceeb yog npaj cov khoom hluav taws xob nrog cov khoom kub hauv chav sov thiab kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob kom ruaj khov, nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob uas tsim nyog rau tag nrho cov khoom hluav taws xob-lithium-ion roj teeb, thiab txhawm rau txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm electrode / solid electrolyte interface.

Cov khoom siv roj ntsha lithium tau tsim los ntawm cov roj teeb lithium. Piv nrog cov roj teeb lithium uas ib txwm muaj, feem ntau lawv tsis siv cov kua los yog cov kua roj ua rau cov khoom siv coj ntawm cov zoo thiab tsis zoo, uas zoo heev txhim kho kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tsheb thiab lub peev xwm tiv taus siab kub. Cov. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb siab, siab zog hluav taws xob, lub neej ntev kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm kub ntau yam, ntawm cov tub ntxhais no yog cov khoom hluav taws xob.

Oxide cov khoom hluav taws xob tuaj yeem faib ua crystalline thiab glassy (amorphous) raws li cov qauv ntaub ntawv. Crystalline electrolytes suav hom perovskite, NASICON hom, LISICON hom thiab garnet hom, thiab lwm yam.

Lub oxide crystalline cov khoom hluav taws xob muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab muaj peev xwm nyob ruaj khov hauv cov huab cua, uas tau txais txiaj ntsig rau cov khoom lag luam loj ntawm tag nrho cov roj teeb lub xeev. Kev tshawb nrhiav kev tsom xam yog txhawm rau txhim kho chav tsev kub ionic conductivity thiab nws qhov kev sib raug zoo nrog electrodes. Nyob rau tam sim no, cov hau kev los txhim kho kev coj ua yog feem ntau kev hloov pauv thiab heterovalent caij doping, thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog electrodes kuj yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas txwv nws daim ntawv thov.

Qhov feem ntau sulfide crystalline cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog thio-LISICON, uas tau pom thawj zaug los ntawm cov xibfwb KANNO ntawm Tokyo Institute of Technology hauv Li2S-GeS2-P2S system. Tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog Li4-xGe1-xPxS4, thiab chav sov ion conductivity zoo li 2.2 × 10. -3S / cm (qhov twg x=0.75), thiab hluav taws xob kev ntxias hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Tus qauv tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj thio-LISICON yog Li4-xGe1-xPxS4 (A=Ge, Si, thiab lwm yam, B=P, Al, Zn, thiab lwm yam).

Cov tshuaj sulfide iav cov khoom hluav taws xob feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm P2S5, SiS2, B2S3 thiab lwm lub network formers thiab network hloov kho Li2S. Cov kab ke no suav nrog Li2S-P2S5, Li2S-SiS2, Li2S-B2S3. Cov pes tsawg leeg muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, chav ua haujlwm siab kub ion conductivity, siab thermal stability, ua haujlwm zoo kev nyab xeeb, thiab dav dav electrochemical stability qhov rai (txog 5V). Nws muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov hluav taws xob muaj zog thiab hluav taws xob tsawg-kub roj teeb lub zog thiab muaj peev xwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo-roj teeb hluav taws xob.

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob polymer ua cov polymer matrix (xws li polyester, polymerase thiab polyamine, thiab lwm yam) thiab lithium ntsev (xws li LiClO4, LiAsF4, LiPF6, LiBF4, thiab lwm yam), vim tias nws lub teeb yuag, viscoelasticity zoo, thiab zoo heev kev siv tshuab zoo thiab lwm yam ntxwv tau txais kev saib xyuas dav.

Cov SPEs muaj xws li polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) thiab cov ua kua polymer cov kua hluav taws xob.

Tam sim no, lub ntsiab hluav taws xob SPE matrix tseem yog thawj qhov kev thov PEO thiab nws cov khoom siv, feem ntau vim yog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm PEO rau hlau lithium thiab nws muaj peev xwm zoo dua kev faib tawm cov roj ntsha lithium.

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob LiPON yog tsim los ntawm Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Cov roj ntsha lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) electrolyte zaj duab xis tau npaj los ntawm kev ua kom lub siab lub siab huv Li3P04 siv cov xov tooj cua ntau zaus magnetron sputtering ntaus hauv lub siab-purity nitrogen cua.

Nws to taub tias cov khoom siv muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, chav ntsuas kub ionic conductivity yog 2.3 × 10-6S / cm, lub qhov rai electrochemical yog 5.5V (http://vs.Li/Li+), thermal stability yog qhov zoo , thiab Cov Hluav Taws Xob Zoo xws li LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, thiab cov tsis zoo xws li cov roj ntsha lithium thiab lithium alloy muaj qhov sib xyaw tau zoo. Lub ionic conductivity ntawm LiPON zaj duab xis nyob ntawm tus qauv amorphous thiab N cov ntsiab lus hauv cov khoom siv zaj duab xis. Qhov nce ntawm N cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem txhim kho cov ionic conductivity.